Kafala system qatar abolished wikipedia. Kafala, which means Migrant workers in Doha, Qatar.
Kafala system qatar abolished wikipedia Originally established to meet the demands of rapid economic expansion, the system aimed to In early November 2020, Saudi Arabia’s deputy minister for human resources announced that Saudi Arabia would be easing “foreign workers’ contractual restrictions” under the country’s current sponsorship system known as the “Kafala” system, through the introduction of a Labor Reform Initiative (LRI). A moratorium has since been placed on all further execution of any individual. The kafala system in Qatar has been linked to labor abuses that occurred during the construction of the venues for the 2022 FIFA World Cup [1] (pictured here, Al Thumama Stadium; one of the World Cup stadiums, under construction in 2013). In a long-expected announcement, Labor Minister Issa bin Saad al-Jafali al-Nuaimi said the "kafala" rules would be abolished from December 13. The confiscation of passports also known as the Kafala system in Qatar was abolished during the year 2021 and the country took multiple measures for its workers sector which was included in the report published by Human Rights Watch in September 2020. The Kafala System FIFA’s decision to grant the 2022 World up to Qatar has been met with much disapproval worldwide by various organizations, including human and labor rights entities. While the system has been in place for decades Cleaners, cooks, childminders and drivers are the main roles of domestic workers in Qatar, a job that is exclusively performed by 173,000 non-Qatari nationals and to a large extent by women migrant workers coming from Asia and Africa. As part of its pledge to reform the labour section, Qatar has also introduced a monthly minimum wage of 750 riyals ($206) and agreed to work closely with the ILO, which to reform of the Kafala system is refl ected in public statements that range from the intention to maintain the status quo (Qatar May 2011,Saudi Arabia June 2011) to plans to abolish the system. Qatar is an authoritarian and de facto absolute Qatar on Monday formally announced the end of its controversial “kafala” system, arguably the biggest ever labor reform undertaken by the 2022 football World Cup host nation. On December 12, 2016, International labour organization (ILO), Qatar officially announced the abolition of the sponsorship system (Kafala), but the law was implemented in 2018. In recent days, there have been several reports and articles which pointed out degrading work conditions and the absence of In a major development, Qatar is set to finally abolish its notorious “kafala” system in January according to an announcement from the International Labour Organization. Qatar claims it will end the kafala system — a sponsorship scheme likened to modern slavery — within the next two months. Some of the disapproval relates to scandals concerning corruption within FIFA. These workers have the same Qatar and the World Cup Civil society interest in Qatar’s Kafala system slowly began to rise after Qatar won the bid to host the 2022 FIFA World Cup on the 2nd of December, 2010. 1mn expatriate workforce comes into force on Tuesday. The kafala system in Saudi Arabia has long governed the relationship between migrant workers and their employers, reflecting a broader trend across the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries. Since 2017, Doha has gradually introduced several reform efforts to address these concerns, including relaxing some of the kafala restrictions and setting up labour tribunals. What Effect Has Kafala Had on Qatar? Oil-wealthy and underpopulated, Qatar has attracted a great many migrant workers since the kafala system was introduced in the 1960s – so many that 77% of its population of 2. " The kafala, or sponsorship system, is widely practiced throughout the Persian Gulf region, and some neighboring countries. In May 2014, Qatar announced plans to abolish the kafala system, but implementation was delayed until 2016, [10] and even if the promised reforms are implemented, [needs update] employers would still have considerable power The country has a kafala system, In October 2019 Qatar abolished Kafala system and introduced basic minimum wage and wage protection system for migrant workers. Third, FIFA failed to become a law enforcer for Qatar because in organizing mega sport events, FIFA and the host country should have respected “Variations of the kafala system exist in Jordan, Lebanon, and the GCC countries — Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, 7 Saudi Arabia, and the UAE. In a long-expected announcement, Labor Minister Issa bin Saad al-Jafali al-Nuaimi said the kafala rules would be abolished from Tuesday. “Qatar, Saudi Arabia and all other Gulf countries should abolish the kafala system and ensure that migrant workers’ visas are not tied to their employers. Over the last decade, Amnesty International and others have shown how the system – which until recently prevented workers from changing jobs or even We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. スポンサーシップ制度の起源は、真珠漁に関する労働慣行にある [4] 。 Kafala System in Saudi Arabia: Rules, Reforms & Challenges Introduction. Qatar abolishes controversial 'kafala' labour system. De Genova and Peutz (2010), pp. This section contains a selection of key portals curated by our global team. Abolish this reactionary disgusting garbage already. Published. An alternative policy should be introduced, and the Kafala system should be abolished. Qatar: Introduced a monthly minimum wage of 750 riyals ($206) Agreed to work closely with the ILO, which now has an office in the capital. Under these reforms workers can change jobs without employer's permission and are now paid basic minimum wage regardless of their nationality. (Bahrain May 2009, Kuwait Sept 2010). 5 million of them women, with roughly 19 percent of these women working in the Arab region. According to the International Labor Organization, Qatar’s Kafala System for migrant workers will be abolished next January. [35] [36] In practice, Qatar's legal system is a mixture of civil law and Sharia law. (Nov. In some cases in Sharia-based family courts, a female's testimony is The landmark reforms will see the country abolish the kafala system by January 2020 according to a statement by the International Labor Organization (ILO). Kafala, which means Migrant workers in Doha, Qatar. Lebanon’s Labor Ministry should urgently adopt a new standard unified contract that respects and protects the rights of migrant domestic workers as a first step toward abolishing the abusive Sistem kafala (juga dieja "sistem kefala", bahasa Arab: نظام الكفالة niẓām al-kafāla, yang berarti "sistem sponsorship") adalah sistem yang digunakan untuk mengawasi buruh migran yang umumnya bekerja sebagai tukang bangunan atau pembantu rumah tangga di Lebanon, Bahrain, Irak, Yordania, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Arab Saudi dan Uni Emirat Arab. Chattel slavery was succeeded by the Kafala system. The announcement came right before world leaders met Qatar to abolish ‘kafala’ labour next January before 2022 World Cup Date: 16 Oct 2019 Content Type: Article; Qatar dismantles kafala system of modern slavery Date: 16 Oct 2019 Content Type: Article; Qatar announces abolishment of the Kafala system (again) Date: 16 Oct 2019 Content Type: Article; View full story Load more View less Qatar committed to implementing a contractual system to replace the kafala system, including to undertake the renewal of residence permits directly with migrant workers instead of through employers. 1 million foreign workers would take its place. It replaces the Kafala system with a modernised, contract-based system that safeguards worker rights and increases job flexibility. . Assessments of reforms to date of the Kafala system have also been varied with some welcoming The kafala system (also spelled "kefala system"; Arabic: نظام الكفالة, romanized: niẓām al-kafāla; meaning "sponsorship system") is a system used to monitor migrant laborers, working primarily in the construction and domestic sectors in Gulf Cooperation Council member states and a few neighboring countries, namely Qatar, Bahrain, Kuwait, Lebanon, Oman, Kuwait announced that it too would abolish the Kafala system (Inter national Labour Organization, 2012). The UN employment rights agency, The International Labour Organization (ILO), recently stated they will be terminating Qatar’s Kafala system by January. The decision to replace Kafala system was to improve the living conditions and protect the rights of the expatriate workers. Major reforms Dr. Almost all death penalties were abolished by legislation in 1954 except for serious crimes committed during wartime. labor body says new labor rules in the energy-rich nation of Qatar “effectively In the latest development, the state of Qatar has decided to abolish its controversial “Kafala” system. 21 on the Entry, Exit and Residency of Foreign Nationals replacing the 2009 Sponsorship Law, was adopted in 2015 and entered into force in December 2016. This move is in response to criticism from human rights groups for the inhumane treatment of migrant workers, after news that the country would host the 2022 World Cup. The current large number of migrants from South Asia to the Persian Gulf began in the 1960s, Qatar’s kafala system. The UN’s International Labor Organization says Qatar plans to abolish its Kafala system. The kafala system or kefala system (Arabic: نظام الكفالة niẓām al-kafāla, lit. The announcement came right before world leaders met He said a contract-based system to govern the gas-rich Gulf emirate’s 2. 20–2; Gardner, “Engulfed: Indian Guest Workers, Bahraini Citizens, and the Structural Violence of the Kafala System”, The Deportation Regime: Sovereignty, Space, and the Freedom of Movement, ed. In September 2018, Qatar approved legislation to scrap the “kafala”, or sponsorship, system which required that foreign workers obtain permission from their employers to leave the country. Assessments of reforms to date of the Kafala system have also been varied with some welcoming Sharia law is the main source of Qatari legislation according to Qatar's Constitution. Qatar has announced sweeping reforms to its labour market, with a view to ending the kafala system and marking a momentous step forward in upholding the rights of migrant workers, according to a report by the International Labour Organization (ILO). According to Sharan Burrow, general secretary of the International Trade Union Confederation, "the new Kafala system tranche of law will put an end to Kafala and establish a contemporary industrial relations Sistem kafala (juga dieja "sistem kefala", bahasa Arab: نظام الكفالة niẓām al-kafāla, yang berarti "sistem sponsorship") adalah sistem yang digunakan untuk mengawasi buruh migran yang umumnya bekerja sebagai tukang bangunan atau pembantu rumah tangga di Lebanon, Bahrain, Irak, Yordania, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Arab Saudi dan Uni Emirat Arab. 21 of 2015, the new law that abolishes the Kafala (sponsorship) system and guarantees greater flexibility, freedom and protection to Qatar’s more than 2. Some previous literature exists, including early Guardian articles, documenting abuses abundant in the Kafala (1999; The Guardian 2010). [ 72 ] [ 101 ] A new law, titled Law No. This is big news for the roughly 95% of Qatar’s workforce, which primarily comes from countries such as Bangladesh, Nepal and the Philippines. Kafala basically tied foreign workers to their employers. The kafala (sponsorship) system is present in many other countries besides Qatar and has long been criticized as an enabler of modern slavery. The resolution eliminates the “No Objection Certificate” (NOC), which the initial employer of a foreign domestic or manual […] According to a 2008 Human Rights Watch report, [79] under the kafala system in Saudi Arabia, "an employer assumes responsibility for a hired migrant worker and must grant explicit permission before the worker can enter Saudi Arabia, transfer employment, or leave the country. 13 December 2016. The non-discriminatory minimum wage which Qatar moves to announce abolishment of kafala system. On 13 December 2016, a new law governing the sponsorship of migrant workers in Qatar came into force. The treatment of South Asian labourers in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) region is an ongoing issue between members of the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) nations and the wealthy oil-rich Gulf Cooperation Council. Qatar and its labour laws have been under the spotlight ever since the country was named the host of the 2022 World Cup. In Qatar, the practice dates back to the early 20th century, when kafala The new law is the latest step towards improving and protecting the rights of every expatriate worker in Qatar. It says a new contract-based law will replace (Nov. [37] [38] Sharia law is applied to laws pertaining to family law, inheritance, and several criminal acts (including adultery, robbery and murder). 5 million is thought to be comprised of migrants. Since 2018, the Qatari government and the International Labour Organization have collaborated on a series of reforms to the kafala sponsorship system. The Kafala system is still there in Qatar. 5, 2019) On October 17, 2019, the Qatari minister of labor announced that the cabinet had unanimously approved a resolution to abolish the kafala system, under which Qatari employers sponsor foreign nationals to work in Qatar. According to The Guardian, the Minister of Qatar has agreed that the kafala must be put to an end, and that a new minimum wage will be introduced; one that doesn’t discriminate against migrant and local workers. It also abolished the need for exit permits and No Objection Certificates (NOC) meaning that employees do not need permission from their sponsors if they Foreign workers in Saudi Arabia are now able to switch jobs without their employers’ permission after the long-awaited labour reforms in the Gulf region’s most populous country went into effect. Share Abolishing the Sponsorship System (Kafala) In line with the requirements of the International labour organization (ILO), Qatar officially announced the abolition of the sponsorship system (Kafala) on December 12, 2016. We recommend that MADLSA remind the employers through the mainstream media that they should be in parallel with the State of Qatar’s vision in improving migrant domestic workers’ welfare,” the IDWF representative told MR. In August 2020, it introduced a non-discriminatory minimum wage. “We welcome any comment or constructive criticism, and will continue to do so in the future. Kafala viittaa paikallisen sponsorin (kafeel) ja työntekijän väliseen suhteeseen. [16] Instead the system is made up of a number for administrative regulations, customary practices and legal requirements which bind the worker to the recruiter temporarily. Under the kafala Explore the big challenges, opportunities, debates and frameworks for business and human rights. The Kafala system is often imposed on low-end jobs such as maids. Workers with definite term job contracts can change their employment and sign new contracts if they wish so at the end of the contract イスラムの養子縁組法学では、「カファラ」は養子縁組を指す。20世紀後半にいくつかの国で、当初のカファラ法を拡大する形で、移民労働者の有期スポンサーシップ制度が組み込まれた [要出典] 。. However, the reality often differs substantially once in country and under the kafala (sponsorship) system, a restrictive work permit system that ties migrant workers to their employer. Sitä on käytetty Persianlahden arabimaiden yhteistyöneuvoston jäsnemaissa eli Bahrainissa, Kuwaitissa, Omanissa, Qatarissa, Saudi-Arabiassa ja Arabiemiraateissa sekä Jordaniassa ja Libanonissa. 1 Some is linked to the Kafala system. To better the living conditions and Qatar ‘Kafala’ System Abolished: Good News for Migrant Workers There are an estimated 164 million migrant workers in the world today, approximately 8. 9” “In classical Arabic, the term kafala referred to relationships between an authority Qatar is promising to abolish the kafala system in time for the World Cup in 2022 and usher in major migrant labor reforms according the the International Trade Union Confederation (ITUC). At the heart of the abuse faced by migrant workers is Qatar’s ‘Kafala’ system of sponsorship-based employment which legally binds foreign workers to their employers. The decision was to replace the Kafala system with an employment contract to improve the In early November 2020, Saudi Arabia’s deputy minister for human resources announced that Saudi Arabia would be easing “foreign workers’ contractual restrictions” under the country’s current sponsorship system known as the “Kafala” system, through the introduction of a Labor Reform Initiative (LRI). Determined to provide for their families back home, these women arrive in Qatar facing one of the several negative aspects of the kafala system, “If they really want us to believe that the Kafala system is being abolished. DOHA, Dec 14: Qatar on Monday formally announced the end of its controversial “kafala” system, arguably the biggest ever labor reform undertaken by the host of the 2022 football World Cup. Exit visas for workers – including domestic workers, those in government and public institutions, and workers employed at sea, in agriculture as well as casual workers – have been eliminated. Once in Lebanon, the migrant domestic worker is assigned an employer After the abolition of slavery, poor migrant workers were employed under the Kafala system, which have been compared to slavery. Qatar on Monday formally announced the end of its controversial “kafala” system, arguably the biggest ever labour reform undertaken by the host of the 2022 football World Cup. The kafala system has been condemned by rights groups as essentially holding employee’s prisoners, and Qatar has faced broader criticism for abuse by employers. The last execution to ever take place in Israel was that of Adolf Eichmann, who was convicted for his role in the Holocaust, in 1962. However, concerns still remain about workers' rights and employers retaining considerable power over The Kafala System is a legal framework that regulates the relationship between foreign employees and employers in Saudi-Arabia and the other Gulf states. [ 1 ] Omani Empire (1692–1856) The promise of decent wages and steady employment attracts many migrants from countries throughout Africa and Asia to the Arab States. Abdullah Saleh Mubarak Al Khulaifi, Qatar's Labour and Social Affairs Minister, said Monday he hopes the country's "kafala" system will be abolished before Human rights activists want the "kafala" (sponsorship) system to be abolished fully Saudi Arabia has announced it will ease some of the contractual restrictions giving employers control over the In early November 2020, Saudi Arabia’s deputy minister for human resources announced that Saudi Arabia would be easing “foreign workers’ contractual restrictions” under the country’s current sponsorship system known as the “Kafala” system, through the introduction of a Labor Reform Initiative (LRI). He said a contract-based system to Qatar has pledged to abolish its labour system that ties migrant workers to their employer and requires them to have their company’s permission to leave the country as part of sweeping reforms to The exit visa formally needed to leave the country under "kafala" will be abolished, although workers will still need their employers' permission to leave. Notes: Qatar has ended its controversial labour sponsorship system called "kafala" system that forces foreign workers to seek their employer's permission to change jobs or leave the country. It is a sponsorship system between employer and employee that gives the employer extensive rights and opportunities. Contributions; Talk 16 December 2016 – A new sponsorship law in Qatar fails to reform the kafala system and Americans for Democracy & Human Rights in Bahrain (ADHRB) finds that these failed reforms continue to leave migrant workers vulnerable to abuse. N. Collectively, the Arab States region is home to more than 24 million migrant workers, 8 comprising over 40 per cent of the labour force. According to the report’s findings, Qatar introduced a new rule where migrant workers can Kafala-systemet (Sponsor-systemet), är ett system som reglerar anställningsförhållandet mellan migrantarbetare och deras arbetsgivare i ett flertal Gulfstater. to reform of the Kafala system is refl ected in public statements that range from the intention to maintain the status quo (Qatar May 2011,Saudi Arabia June 2011) to plans to abolish the system. [17]. The kafala system has been abolished in Qatar since December 2016. The kafala system is known as a labor migration system that ties the employer and the On the other hand, Kuwait still insists on the inhumane Kafala system, because there are profiteers from the so-called deep state who cling to this internationally forbidden trade. The resolution eliminates the “No Objection Certificate” (NOC), which the initial employer of a foreign domestic or manual […] For most of its history, Qatar practiced slavery until its abolition in 1952. The abolishment is not fully enforced. 13. Likewise, in a UN report on Qatar’s kafala system presented at a UN Human Rights Council meeting, the kafala system was described as a source of abuse and exploitation of migrants. The report Longstanding abuse of migrant workers in Qatar. Despite these high numbers, due to the Currently, it is also practiced in Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, and the UAE. That's why there was a call to boycott the World In early November 2020, Saudi Arabia’s deputy minister for human resources announced that Saudi Arabia would be easing “foreign workers’ contractual restrictions” under the country’s current sponsorship system (Nov. The kafala system has been replaced by a new contract In May 2014, Qatar announced its intentions to reform the labor laws and to abolish the kafala system. so maybe the gulf countries will put a stop, or at least regulate cheap labor exploitation, and ban the trafficking and inhumane servitude that many workers from India, Bangladesh and multiple Lebanon’s restrictive and exploitative kafala (sponsorship) system traps tens of thousands of migrant domestic workers in highly abusive conditions amounting, at worst, to modern slavery. 1 By placing control over entry, exit, work, and residence in The Emir of Qatar today abolished restrictions on migrant workers changing jobs without their employer’s permission and introduced a monthly minimum wage of 1,000 Qatari riyal, plus basic living allowances for some workers. This is because most people in these fields won't have the financial means to engage lawyers. Pages for logged out editors learn more. ' sponsorship system ') is a system in the Middle Qatar is ending its labour sponsorship system that forces foreign workers to seek their employer's permission to change jobs or leave the country. But you have to remember that the Saudi government banned ( keyword “officially”) slavery in 1962, after pressure from the entire world. [23] The United Nations asserted in a report that "Qatar is transforming". The aim of this system, which was established in the 1950s, was 1 Longva, “Keeping Migrant Workers in Check: The Kafala System in the Gulf”, Middle East Report 211 (1999), pp. "Kafala” system to be abolished . The announcement came right before world leaders met Qatar's programme of labour reforms today succeeded in dismantling the kafala system and heralding a modern industrial relations system. Det gäller främst arbetare anställda inom byggnarbetsbranschen och som hembiträden i Bahrain, Kuwait, Libanon, Oman, Saudiarabien och Förenade arabemiraten. These migrants are predominantly employed in wholesale and retail trade, domestic services and . 20, 2019 file photo, construction is underway at the Lusail Stadium, one of the 2022 World Cup stadiums, in Lusail, Qatar. He said a contract-based system to govern the The Kafala system is not legally binding in Lebanon because recruiters cannot act as a sponsor. The Colombo Process (a regional and consultative process on the management of overseas employment and Qatar is ending its labour sponsorship system for foreign workers, described as modern-day slavery. In the 1970s, the modern day kafala system emerged into what is now known as the Gulf Cooperation Council (political and economic union of Arab states that border the Gulf), which includes: the UAE, Saudi Arabia, Qatar, Oman, Kuwait, and Bahrain. Freedom to change jobs O sistema kafala (árabe: نظام الكفالة niẓām al-kafāla, que significa "sistema de patrocínio") é um sistema utilizado para monitorizar os trabalhadores migrantes, que trabalham principalmente nos sectores da construção e doméstico nos estados membros do Conselho de Cooperação do Golfo e em alguns países vizinhos, nomeadamente Bahrain, Kuwait, Líbano, Qatar, Omã Saudi Arabia only abolished slavery 60 years ago. Many members of the Afro-Arabian minority are descendants of the former slaves. Read more: Saudi ministry clarifies after report on pending decision to abolish kafala system. [1]Järjestelmän mukaan siirtotyöläisellä pitää olla paikallinen sponsori viisumin ja Qatar announced the end of the kafala system in 2019. DOHA, Qatar - Qatar on Monday formally announced the end of its controversial "kafala" system, arguably the biggest ever labor reform undertaken by the 2022 football World Cup host nation. A U. Kafala is ultimately In 2014, the UN special rapporteur on the human rights of migrants called for Qatar to abolish the system and replace it with a regulated, open labor market that allows workers to freely In a long-expected announcement, Labor Minister Issa bin Saad al-Jafali al-Nuaimi said the kafala rules would be abolished from Tuesday. When chattel slavery was abolished, it was replaced by the Kafala system, which has been described as a modern form of slavery. The World’s Shirin Jaafari reports. [1] [2]Kafala-systemet innebär att varje The state of human rights in Qatar is a concern for several non-governmental organisations, such as the Human Rights Watch (HRW), which reported in 2012 that hundreds of thousands of mostly South Asian migrant workers in construction in Qatar risk serious exploitation and abuse, sometimes amounting to forced labour. However, concerns still remain about workers' rights and employers retaining considerable power over The kafala system (also spelled "kefala system"; Arabic: نظام الكفالة, romanized: niẓām al-kafāla; meaning "sponsorship system") is a system used to monitor migrant laborers, working primarily in the construction and domestic sectors in Gulf Cooperation Council member states and a few neighboring countries, namely Qatar, Bahrain, Kuwait, Lebanon, Oman, Qatar abolishes exit permit for most workers, including domestic workers Date: 16 Jan 2020 Content Type: Article; World Report 2020: Qatar - Events of 2019 Date: 15 Jan 2020 Content Type: Article; End of kafala system in Qatar to benefit Bangladeshi workers Date: 18 Oct 2019 Content Type: Article; Landmark labour reforms signal end of kafala Labour mobility is a result of changes to the Kafala system. 5, 2019) On October 17, 2019, the Qatari minister of labor announced that the cabinet had unanimously approved a resolution to abolish the kafala system, under which Qatari Historically, workers have had to acquire an exit permit from the kafeel to leave the country and a non-objection certificate (NOC) to switch jobs—a policy that was officially abolished in Qatar in August 2020. [26] The main legal source for the kafala system in Kuwait is the 1959 Aliens’ Residence Law and its implementing regulations. "A Ministerial Decree by the Minister of Interior was also signed, removing exit permit requirements for all workers, except military personnel," the statement adds. Under “kafala”, all foreign workers working in Qatar require a local Qatar's labour minister said on Monday he hopes the country's controversial "kafala" system, which critics have likened to modern-day slavery, will be abolished before the end of this year. An appeals committee Law No. The kafala system gives the employer immense control over the worker. Our government can also work on abolishing For most of its history, Qatar practiced slavery until its abolition in 1952. In a long-expected announcement, Labor Minister Issa bin Saad Al-Jafali Al-Nuaimi said the “kafala” rules would be abolished effective Dec. In 2020, the Emir of Qatar abolished restrictions on migrant workers changing jobs without their employer’s permission and introduced a monthly minimum wage of 1,000 It was intended to be a means by which foreigners could gain short term employment for projects hosted in countries that practice the Kafala System, which include the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries of Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates (UAE), Jordan, and Lebanon. Wikipedia® is a registered Qatar declared it ‘abolished’ the Kafala system in December 2016, implementing a contract-based system in its place. Employees with indefinite term contracts can move to another employer after working a minimum of five years with the first employer. Qatar has abolished the requirement imposed on migrant workers to obtain permission from their employers. ” The “kafala” system, translating literally to “sponsorship,” is used by Qatar and other Persian Gulf countries to employ migrant workers. However, reforms are not binding and ar e not carried out In October 2017, Qatar committed to abolish the kafala system, among other labor reforms, as part of its technical cooperation agreement with the International Labour Organization (ILO) and to Second, the gulf countries do not want to abolish the Kafala system and require its implementation because migrant workers make a major contribution to the development of their countries. FILE - In this Dec. ukqb ibrbqg uoe prlm lsbv mjfwsf grr tgbv ikmo sfonmqo